Warts are small, rough growths on the skin caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). While direct contact with someone who has a wart won't infect you, indirect transmission through shared surfaces or personal items is possible. Good hygiene and avoiding shared personal items can help prevent warts. There are also various types of warts, such as common, plantar, and genital warts, each caused by different strains of HPV. Vaccinations against HPV can provide protection. Research continues to explore new treatments and vaccine developments.